Kidney stones are a common urological issue affecting people across various age groups. Traditionally, large or complex stones required invasive surgery, leading to longer recovery times and increased discomfort. However, advancements in medical technology have introduced minimally invasive procedures like RIRS (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery). This procedure offers a highly effective, less invasive option for removing kidney stones, making it a game-changer in urology.

In this blog, we'll explore what RIRS is, how it works, its benefits, and the reasons why it has become a preferred treatment method for kidney stones.

What is RIRS?

RIRS, or Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery, is a modern, minimally invasive technique used to treat kidney stones. In this procedure, a thin, flexible ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra and bladder into the kidney. Once inside, the surgeon uses a laser to fragment the kidney stone into smaller pieces, which can then either pass naturally or be removed using specialized instruments.

Unlike open surgery, RIRS does not require any incisions. The entire procedure is done through natural urinary passages, which means there is minimal discomfort and quicker recovery for the patient.

How Does RIRS Work?

The RIRS procedure typically involves the following steps -

• Anesthesia - The patient is given general or spinal anesthesia to ensure they remain comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
• Insertion of the Ureteroscope - A small, flexible scope is passed through the urethra and bladder into the kidney.
• Stone Visualization and Fragmentation - Using a high-definition camera, the surgeon locates the kidney stones. A laser is then used to break the stones into smaller, passable fragments.
• Stone Removal - In some cases, the fragments are extracted using a basket or left to pass naturally through the urine.
• Completion - After the stones are removed or fragmented, the procedure is completed without any need for surgical incisions.

Benefits of RIRS

RIRS offers numerous advantages over traditional kidney stone treatments -

• Minimally Invasive - Since no incisions are made, the risk of complications is significantly reduced.
• Quicker Recovery - Patients can return to their normal activities much sooner than with open surgery.
• High Success Rate - RIRS has a high success rate in clearing stones, even those located in challenging areas of the kidney.
• Reduced Pain and Discomfort - The procedure is less painful and causes less discomfort compared to other surgical methods.
• Safe for High-Risk Patients - RIRS is suitable for patients who may not be ideal candidates for open surgery due to other health conditions.

Who is a Candidate for RIRS?

RIRS is typically recommended for patients with -

• Kidney stones that are less than 2 cm in size
• Stones located in areas difficult to reach with traditional methods
• Individuals who cannot undergo more invasive surgeries
• Recurrent kidney stones that need regular monitoring and treatment

It is essential to consult a urologist to determine if RIRS is the best treatment option based on the size, location, and nature of the kidney stones.

What to Expect After RIRS

Post-surgery, patients may experience mild discomfort or a slight burning sensation while urinating, but these symptoms usually resolve within a few days. Most patients can resume regular activities within a week. Drinking plenty of water is advised to help flush out any remaining stone fragments and keep the urinary system functioning well.

Your urologist may also recommend a follow-up appointment to monitor your recovery and ensure that all fragments have passed successfully.

FAQs About RIRS for Kidney Stones

1. Is RIRS painful?
RIRS is performed under anesthesia, so you will not feel any pain during the procedure. Some mild discomfort or burning sensation may be experienced after the surgery, but this is temporary and can be managed with medication.

2. How long does the RIRS procedure take?
The duration of the procedure depends on the size and location of the kidney stone. On average, the surgery takes between 1 to 2 hours. You may need to stay in the hospital for a day, depending on your condition.

3. What is the recovery time after RIRS?
Recovery time after RIRS is relatively short. Most patients can return to their normal routine within 3 to 7 days, although strenuous activities should be avoided for a few weeks.

4. Are there any risks associated with RIRS?
RIRS is generally safe, but like any medical procedure, it comes with some risks. These include infection, bleeding, or injury to the urinary tract. However, serious complications are rare.

5. How successful is RIRS in treating kidney stones?
RIRS has a high success rate, especially for stones smaller than 2 cm. The use of laser technology allows for precise stone fragmentation, ensuring effective treatment with minimal complications.

If you or a loved one is suffering from kidney stones, RIRS offers a minimally invasive, effective solution that promotes faster recovery and fewer complications. This modern approach to kidney stone treatment is ideal for patients looking for a less painful and more efficient way to remove stones without undergoing traditional surgery.

For expert advice and personalized treatment for kidney stones - Consult Dr. Rohit Purwar, Consultant Urology (MBBS, MS, MCH). With extensive experience in urological treatments, including RIRS, Dr. Purwar can guide you through the best treatment options for your condition. Book your consultation today and take the first step toward a pain-free life.